Objectives
- Exhaustive survey of population and housing
Dates
- Started in 1871-72
- Last census: 1 March 2001
- Frequency: decennial (no interruption), usually conducted in March
Organization and management
- Office of Registrar General of India, Delhi and regional offices
- Enumeration conducted by temporary employees (including local officials)
Sampling
- Operations: house numbering, house listing, population enumeration (Census), post-enumeration survey
- Conducted at individual, household (and village) level.
- Exhaustive
Publication scale
- Data now published at village/tehsil/district/town/ state level
- Volume: more than one thousand volumes published every ten years (from district to country level)
- Census newsletter (PDF)
Publication
- Paper format: volumes of the Census of India (tables, analysis, special analyses)
- Old census volumes on microfiches (from 1871 to 1971)
- Electronic format: many tables on CD, some tables and reports on web
- Raw data: not available
Topics covered
- Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics (individual level)
- Housing amenities, household goods (household level)
- Infrastructure and land use data from other sources (village level)
Web resources
- http://www.censusindia.gov.in/ (new reorganized website with tables, maps, publication list, some reports-including old ones-, etc.)
- http://www.censusindia.gov.in/maps/censusgis/Census_GIS/maps.htm (for customized mapping)
- http://www.chaf.lib.latrobe.edu.au/dcd/default.htm (digital version of first colonial census volumes 1871-1901)
Other sites
- More and more states have now their own Census websites.
- Check on google for "Census + Andhra Pradesh", Himachal, Kerala, Orissa, Gujarat, West Bengal, Tamil Nadu etc.
Assessment
- Indispensable as the only exhaustive source on Indian population.
- Most economic, social and demographic characteristics are covered
Limitations
- No raw data available
- Limited village data available
- Publication delays vary from one month to ten years
New features
- Tables immediately available from the web
- Census maps from the web
- New information included in 2001 Census (agriculture, mobility, etc.)
- Permanent location number
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